Area Code 413

Massachusetts

Area code 413 serves Massachusetts, primarily Springfield, in the Eastern Time (ET) time zone. It has served the region since 01-Jan-1947.

Demographics & Economics

Total Population: 884,136
Population Density: 291 people/sq mi
above U.S. average (U.S.: 93 people/sq mi)
Median Household Income: $70,535
near U.S. median (U.S.: $75,144)
Poverty Rate: 13.6%
above U.S. average (U.S.: 11.5%)
Unemployment Rate: 5.8%
above U.S. average (U.S.: 3.6%)
Education Attainment: Bachelor's Degree+
35.9%
near U.S. average (U.S.: 33.7%)
High School or Lower
31.9%

Statistics are population-weighted aggregations from Census ACS 5-year estimates. Population figures are approximate — see Sources & Methodology for details on how area code populations are derived.

See how this area code compares to all US area codes in the income ranking and density ranking.

Time Zone

Eastern Time (ET)

NANPA Relief Status

According to the latest NANPA analysis (July 2026), this area code is not currently listed as exhausting within the next 36 months. No relief planning is in progress for this NPA.

Source: NANPA NPA Relief Planning Reports · See all relief planning statuses

Current Time

Eastern Time (ET)

Prefix Utilization

Geographic Coverage

State

Major Cities

Springfield
Chicopee
Pittsfield
Westfield
Holyoke
Northampton
Greenfield
Longmeadow
North Adams
Ware
Adams
Williamstown
Wilbraham
Turners Falls
Belchertown
Great Barrington
South Deerfield
Lenox
Monson Center
Shelburne Falls
Lee
Hatfield
Holland
Granby

and 18 more cities

Area Code 413 geographic coverage map (light mode)

Historical Timeline of Area Code 413

On January 1, 1947, area code 413 was established as one of the original 86 area codes in the North American Numbering Plan. Massachusetts was the only New England state divided into multiple NPAs from the start: 413 covered the western third of the state, while 617 served the eastern two-thirds. In the rotary-dial era, lower-numbered codes were assigned to high-call-volume regions because they required fewer pulses to dial; 413's moderate pulse count (4+1+3 = 8 pulls) reflected its role as a secondary regional code. Source: Wikipedia

Key milestones:

1947: Created alongside area code 617 as Massachusetts's two original NPAs. Western Massachusetts cities including Springfield, Holyoke, and Pittsfield were assigned to 413. (Wikipedia)
1988: Area code 508 split from 617 to serve central and southeastern Massachusetts. 413 remained unaffected and unchanged. (Wikipedia: List of Massachusetts area codes)
1993: Massachusetts DPU investigated Interchangeable Numbering Plan Area (INPA) implementation under D.P.U. 93-45. A public hearing was held in Springfield on February 23, 1993. INPA was eventually adopted statewide but did not trigger relief for 413. (Wikipedia)
1997: Area code 781 split from 617 (suburban Boston) and area code 978 split from 508 (northeastern Massachusetts). 413 remained unchanged, notable as an original 1947 code that was never split. (Wikipedia: List of Massachusetts area codes)
2000: NANPA petitioned Massachusetts DTE for all-services distributed overlay relief under D.T.E. 00-64, citing projected exhaustion by Q1 2002 per the 2000 COCUS analysis. An industry consensus for overlay was reached at a June 20, 2000 meeting in Holyoke. Relief was ultimately never implemented. (NANPA Petition D.T.E. 00-64)
2001: Four overlay area codes were introduced in eastern Massachusetts: 857 over 617, 774 over 508, 339 over 781, and 351 over 978. 413 remained the sole area code for western Massachusetts. (Wikipedia: List of Massachusetts area codes)
2021: NANPA's exhaust analysis projected that central office codes in 413 would not be threatened with exhaustion until 2030–2041, confirming remarkable long-term stability for an original 1947 code. (Wikipedia)

Area code 413 has never been split or overlaid, making it one of the longest-serving unchanged area codes in the North American Numbering Plan. While neighboring eastern Massachusetts codes underwent repeated splits and overlays throughout the 1990s and 2000s, 413's western Massachusetts territory has retained its original boundaries for over seven decades.

Regulatory History

Regulatory proceedings governing area code 413 span federal and state jurisdiction. The Massachusetts DTE oversees numbering resource allocation within the state, while the FCC retains authority over national NANP policy under the Telecommunications Act of 1996. (NANPA Petition D.T.E. 00-64)

Year	Event	Docket	Regulatory Action & Impact
1947	Initial assignment	N/A	AT&T assigned 413 as part of the original NANP plan. Massachusetts received two codes: 413 for the western region, 617 for the eastern region. No formal regulatory proceeding was required for original NANP assignments. (Wikipedia)
1993	INPA investigation	D.P.U. 93-45	Massachusetts DPU investigated whether the first three digits of area codes could serve as exchange prefixes under INPA rules. The proceeding concluded that INPA adoption statewide would not require 413 relief, as the code retained sufficient numbering capacity. (Wikipedia)
2000	Overlay petition filed	D.T.E. 00-64	NANPA petitioned Massachusetts DTE under D.T.E. 00-64 for all-services distributed overlay. The petition was based on COCUS data projecting Q1 2002 exhaustion and documented industry consensus from a June 20, 2000 meeting in Holyoke, MA. Two geographic split options were evaluated and rejected in favor of overlay. (NANPA Petition D.T.E. 00-64)
2000	FCC number conservation petition	NSD-L-00-169	Massachusetts DTE petitioned FCC under CC Docket No. 96-98 for authority to implement thousands-block number pooling for 413. The petition referenced prior authority granted in 1999 for eastern Massachusetts codes (617, 508, 978, 781) as precedent. (NANPA Petition D.T.E. 00-64)
2021	Exhaust analysis update	NRUF 2021-2	NANPA's 2021 Numbering Resource Utilization Forecast projected no exhaustion threat for 413 until 2030–2041. The result was attributed to thousands-block pooling, reduced per-carrier allocations, and lower demand growth in western Massachusetts, which collectively negated the originally projected 2002 exhaustion timeline.